Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine

Original Article

Clinicopathologic Correlations of E-cadherin and Prrx-1 Expression Loss in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Kijong Yi, Hyunsung Kim, Yumin Chung, Hyein Ahn, Jongmin Sim, Young Chan Wi, Ju Yeon Pyo, Young-Soo Song, Seung Sam Paik, Young-Ha Oh; J Pathol Transl Med. 2016;50(5):327-336. Published online August 31, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2016.06.22

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Background
Developing predictive markers for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is important, because many patients experience recurrence and metastasis. Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a developmental process that plays an important role during embryogenesis and also during cancer metastasis. Paired-related homeobox protein 1 (Prrx-1) is an EMT inducer that has recently been introduced, and its prognostic significance in HCC is largely unknown.
Methods
Tissue microarray was constructed using surgically resected primary HCCs from 244 cases. Immunohistochemical staining of E-cadherin and Prrx-1 was performed. The correlation between E-cadherin loss and Prrx-1 expression, as well as other clinicopathologic factors, was evaluated.
Results
E-cadherin expression was decreased in 96 cases (39.4%). Loss of E-cadherin correlated with a higher recurrence rate (p < .001) but was not correlated with patient’s survival. Thirty-two cases (13.3%) showed at least focal nuclear Prrx-1 immunoreactivity while all non-neoplastic livers (n = 22) were negative. Prrx-1 expression was not associated with E-cadherin loss, survival or recurrence rates, pathologic factors, or the Ki-67 labeling index. Twenty tumors that were positive for E-cadherin and Prrx-1 had significantly higher nuclear grades than the rest of the cohort (p = .037). In Cox proportional hazard models, E-cadherin loss and large vessel invasion were independent prognostic factors for shorter disease-free survival. Cirrhosis and high Ki-67 index (> 40%) were independent prognostic factors for shorter overall survival.
Conclusions
Prrx-1 was expressed in small portions of HCCs but not in normal livers. Additional studies with a large number of Prrx-1-positive cases are required to confirm the results of this study.

Citations

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Brief Case Report

Lymphoepithelioma-like Carcinoma of the Renal Pelvis: A Case Report and Review of the Literature: Hyein Ahn, Jongmin Sim, Hyunsung Kim, Kijong Yi, Hulin Han, Yumin Chung, Abdul Rehman, Seung Sam Paik; Korean J Pathol. 2014;48(6):458-461. Published online December 31, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2014.48.6.458

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